Some people put bells on their livestock because they believe the foreign sound of the bell scares off predators, however, some studies have shown that the sound of the bell has the opposite effect and leads predators to livestock because predators develop a learned association between the sound of the bell and the presence of a prey animal. They are mainly used in Europe, Mediterranean areas and Latin America, but are also used worldwide by those who practice transhumance, including nomadic pastoral tribes in Africa and Asia. Each of these bells possess unique sounds, shapes, and sizes.Д«ells are used to keep track of grazing animal herds such as goats, reindeer, sheep and cows. Some cultures have even developed names to differentiate between bells and their tones for example, in Spanish, 'truco' refers to stud males, 'esquila' to female goats or ewes, and 'esquileta' for pregnant females and immature animals. Different bells can have specific sounds to identify important characteristics of the animals, such as age, sex, and species. The ornaments on the cow bell and the collar are usually decorative although some cultures believe that certain ornaments provide or enhance magical protections such as the power to prevent or cure fever and other illnesses. Plating causes the sheet metal to have a surface which can be decorated or left plain. Most cow bells are made of thin, flat pieces of plated sheet metal. The craftsmanship of cow bells varies by geographic location and culture. The collar used to hold the bell is traditionally made with leather and wood fibers. The bell and clapper are commonly crafted from iron, bronze, brass, copper, or wood.

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